The thermal method is a method of sterilizing using high pressure steam or high temperature water in an autoclave. Due to the microbial environment in the hot and humid environment, some important proteins are denatured and solidified, which will cause the microorganisms to die, thus achieving the purpose of sterilization. Microorganisms can be killed at relatively low temperatures under hot and humid conditions compared to dry heat sterilization. The conventional operating temperature of the autoclave is 121 ° C, the time is 10 ~ 20 min; 115 ° C can also be selected to achieve the same killing effect, the general time is 45 min. Thermal methods are methods of sterilization in specially designed sterilization equipment where the temperature within the equipment is controllable by gas or electrical heating. Dry heat sterilization is based on incineration or oxidation to dehydrate and kill microorganisms for sterilization purposes. Since dry heat sterilization is less effective in killing microorganisms, higher temperatures and longer times are required. The specific temperature and time should be determined according to the size and type of the product, the container and its heat distribution characteristics. In general, the individual unit to be sterilized should be as small as…
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